http://www.kavlifoundation.org/science-spotlights/spotlight-live-falling-into-black-holes
See at Your Question"
What will happen if I fall in a Black Hole Purposefully- an Immaginary experience
By
Professor Pranab akumar BhattacharyaMD(Cal.Univ.) profpkb@yahoo.co.in ;Mr. RupakBhattacharyaBsc(Cal.Univ)Msc ;MissUpasana Bhattacharya-Student- Only daughter of Prof. P.K. Bhattacharya; Mr.Ritwik Bhattacharya B.Com(cal.Univ), Miss Rupsa Bhattacharya, Mrs. Dalia Mukherjee BA(hons) Cal. Univ, Miss Oindrila Mukherjee Bsc(HM) IGNOU Student and Mr. Debasis Mukherjee BSc(Cal.Univ) of Residence 7/51 Purbaplli; PO-Sodepur; Dist -24 Parganas(North) Kolkata-110;&Swamijinagar, South Habra,24 Parganas(north); West Bengal; India
Email- profpkb@yahoo.co.in
----------------------------------------------------
A black hole is a place in space-time, where gravity
is so extremely high and it pulls so much that even light
particles(boson particle ) can not get out of it. The gravity is so strong
there, because total matter has been squeezed into a tiny space. This Black
hole may happen when a star is dying. A Black hole may be consequence of
Neutron star merger or neutron star black hole merger or a type 1B supernova.
The black hole may have a thick geometrical disk typically have a mass inside
100kelometers several tenths of solar Mass. At it inner edge the disk is also
thick to its own neutrino emission. In a region 30Km across interior to disk, along
its axis of rotation, a pair of fire ball develop nd exist by way of neutrino
annihilation and electron neutrino scattering. Extensive baryonic mass loss
occurs from the disk and gamma rays burst occur.
108 CR
Avenue Kolkata-73; West Bengal India
See at Your Question"
What will happen if I fall in a Black Hole Purposefully- an Immaginary experience
By
Professor Pranab akumar BhattacharyaMD(Cal.Univ.) profpkb@yahoo.co.in ;Mr. RupakBhattacharyaBsc(Cal.Univ)Msc ;MissUpasana Bhattacharya-Student- Only daughter of Prof. P.K. Bhattacharya; Mr.Ritwik Bhattacharya B.Com(cal.Univ), Miss Rupsa Bhattacharya, Mrs. Dalia Mukherjee BA(hons) Cal. Univ, Miss Oindrila Mukherjee Bsc(HM) IGNOU Student and Mr. Debasis Mukherjee BSc(Cal.Univ) of Residence 7/51 Purbaplli; PO-Sodepur; Dist -24 Parganas(North) Kolkata-110;&Swamijinagar, South Habra,24 Parganas(north); West Bengal; India
Email- profpkb@yahoo.co.in
----------------------------------------------------
What is a Black Hole?
A black hole is a place in space-time, where gravity
is so extremely high and it pulls so much that even light
particles(boson particle ) can not get out of it. The gravity is so strong
there, because total matter has been squeezed into a tiny space. This Black
hole may happen when a star is dying. A Black hole may be consequence of
Neutron star merger or neutron star black hole merger or a type 1B supernova.
The black hole may have a thick geometrical disk typically have a mass inside
100kelometers several tenths of solar Mass. At it inner edge the disk is also
thick to its own neutrino emission. In a region 30Km across interior to disk, along
its axis of rotation, a pair of fire ball develop nd exist by way of neutrino
annihilation and electron neutrino scattering. Extensive baryonic mass loss
occurs from the disk and gamma rays burst occur.
Because no light can get out from the inner
place of black hole ( However Prof SW Hawkings FRS
told that Black hole also emits radiation and is thus not totally black. In the classical theory black holes can
only absorb and not emit particles. However it is shown that quantum mechanical
effects cause black holes to create and emit particles as if they were hot
bodies with temperature hκ2πk≈10−6(M⊙M)∘K where κ is the surface gravity of the
black hole. This thermal emission leads to a slow decrease in the mass of the
black hole and to its eventual disappearance: any primordial black hole of mass
less than about 1015 g would have evaporated by now. Although these quantum
effects violate the classical law that the area of the event horizon of a black
hole cannot decrease, there remains a Generalized Second Law:S+1/4A never decreases
whereS is the entropy of matter outside black holes
andA is
the sum of the surface areas of the event horizons. This shows that
gravitational collapse converts the baryons and leptons in the collapsing body
into entropy. It is tempting to speculate that this might be the reason why the
Universe contains so much entropy per baryon- S. W. Hawking Particle creation by black holes25. VIII. 1975, Volume 43, Issue 3, pp 199-220 Communications in Mathematical Physics ), people can't see black holes. They remain invisible. can see how stars
that are very close to black holes act differently than other.Like various
monsters, we can see black holes are of different sizes and shapes. Astronomers
measure this using something known as the Schwarzschild radius. That radius describes the size of
the event horizon, the spherical boundary of a black hole. The
greater the object's mass, the larger its event horizon and the larger it’s
radius. Regardless of how massive it is, a black hole's center point is what
astronomers call a singularity -- a
place where matter is infinitely dense. The Black Hole can be as tiny even as an atom
is or may be larger or largest .The largest black holes are called
"supermassive black hole." These black holes have masses that are
more than 1 million suns together. Scientists have found proof that every large galaxy contains a supermassive
black hole at its centre- like ours Milky ways. The super massive black hole at
the centre of the Milky Way galaxy is called Sagittarius A [Sgr A Westand Sgr A East] (. It has a mass equal to about 4 million suns and would fit inside a
very large ball that could hold a few million Earths. A significant number of galaxies have yielded evidence for central dark objects with masses 
106
109 M
, which can be plausibly interpreted as massive Black Holes. And
Black holes are radio loud due to magnetic accretion of matter & radio sources depend directly on Black Hole mass .
Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) are Luminous & radio luminosity and optical bulge luminosity (mass) and depends
between bulge luminosity (mass) and Black Hole mass.
Let' me suppose today that I get into my spaceship and point it straight towards the million-solar-mass black hole in the centre of our galaxy. (Actually, there may be some debate about whether our galaxy contains at all a central black hole, but let me assume it does for this moment.) Starting from a long way away from the black hole, I just turn off my rockets and coast in. What happens then?When an object falls through a horizon of a black hole, where does it go? This question leads to vexing paradoxes. But perhaps the situation may be similar to the early days of quantum mechanics, when classical intuition gave questions with no resolution. In this letter, I take a simple explicit model of a black hole in string theory. I note that gravitational systems have a dual description in terms of a field theory. Using the field theory dual we can find that the notion of space–time itself breaks down behind the horizon A test particle when falling onto a classical black hole it crosses the event horizon and ends up in the singularity within finite eigentime. In the "more realistic" case of a "classical" evaporating black hole, an observer falling onto a black hole observes a sudden evaporation of the hole.
Does we move to another universe while travelling through black hole?
A real Black hole will never be precisely non-rotating and electrically
neutral. The problem arises when
Einstein's field equations of general relativity describing black holes which
can rotate and/or carry electric charge. The solutions are novel in that they
may be analytically continued through the black hole interior in a time-like
direction into a succession of asymptotically flat space-time regions that are
inaccessible in the space-time region in which the black hole first formed. There
has been speculation about whether matter could travel through such black holes
into these ‘other universes’. As real black holes will never be
precisely non-rotating and electrically neutral, it is of interest to determine
whether such a transfer of matter from one universe to another is possible.
If it were, it might imply the possibility of matter appearing explosively in
our region of space-time through white holes. The exact solutions of interest
are suspect because they are idealised. For example, they exclude the effects
of matter surrounding the hole, and quantum processes. It has been suggested that the interior of the idealised
black hole might be smashed in a more realistic model by unbounded blue shift
effects associated with classical matter falling along the so-called inner
horizon. In this way the space bridge would be destroyed by back reaction of
the gravitational field due to the energetic matter. quantum vacuum effects,
similar in origin to the attraction energy between two electrically neutral
conducting plates (Casimir effect), also cause an unbounded back-reaction which
will smash the idealised interior geometry, even if no actual matter were
falling into theblack hole. I do not speculate whether other analytically
extendible space-times exist which these quantum processes leave topologically
unmodified, but demonstrate that the models which have been explicitly advanced
to date cannot be taken seriously as space bridges
When falling down through
black hole at first, I shall not feelany gravitational forces at all. Since Iam in a
free fall, every part of my body and my spaceship will be pulled in the
same way, and so I am feel weight less. (This is exactly the same thing that
happens to astronauts in Earth orbit: even though both astronauts and space
shuttle are being pulled by the Earth's gravity, they don't feel any
gravitational force because everything is being pulled in exactly the same
way.) As I am get closer and closer to
the center of the hole, though, I shall start to feel "tidal"
gravitational forces. Imagine that your feet are closer to the center than your
head. The gravitational pull gets stronger as I get closer to the center of the
hole, so my feet feel a stronger pull than my head does. As a result I shall
feel "stretched." (This force is called a tidal force because it is
exactly like the forces that cause tides on earth.) These tidal forces get more
and more intense as I get closer to the center, and eventually they will
rip me apart.
For a very large black hole like the one I am falling into, the
tidal forces are not really noticeable until i shall get within about 600,000
kilometers of the center. Note that this is after I have crossed the horizon.
If I am falling into a smaller black hole, say one that weighed as much as the
Sun, tidal forces would start to make me
quite uncomfortable when I shall
be about 6000 kilometers away from the center, and I
shall have been torn apart by
them long before I cross the horizon. (That's why the scientist decided to let
one jump into a big black hole instead of a small one: we wanted you to survive
at least until you got inside.)
What do I see as I am falling in? Surprisingly, I may mot
necessarily see anything particularly
any interesting. Images of faraway objects may be distorted in strange
ways, since the black hole's gravity will
bend light, but that's about it. In particular, nothing special happens
at the moment when I shall cross the
horizon. Even after I shall cross the horizon, I can still see things on
the outside: after all, the light from the things on the outside can still
reach to me. No one on the outside however can see me, of course, since the
light from me can't escape past the horizon.
How long does the whole process take? Well, of course, it depends
on how far away I start from. Let's say I start at rest from a point whose
distance from the singularity is ten times the black hole's radius. Then for a
million-solar-mass black hole, it takes me about 8 minutes to reach the
horizon. Once I got that far, it takes
me only another seven seconds to hit the
singularity. By the way, this time scales with the size of the black hole, so
if I jump into a smaller black hole, my
time of death would be that much sooner.
Once I cross the horizon, in my remaining seven seconds, I must be
enough panic and start to fire my rockets in a desperate attempt to avoid the
black hole singularity. Unfortunately, it becomes hopeless, since the singularity will lie in my future, and there will be no
way to avoid my future. In fact, the
harder I try to fire my rockets, the sooner I shall hit the singularity. So in
that case, It's best just to sit back and enjoy the ride
108 CR
Avenue Kolkata-73; West Bengal IndiaA real Black hole will never be precisely non-rotating and electrically neutral. The problem arises when Einstein's field equations of general relativity describing black holes which can rotate and/or carry electric charge. The solutions are novel in that they may be analytically continued through the black hole interior in a time-like direction into a succession of asymptotically flat space-time regions that are inaccessible in the space-time region in which the black hole first formed. There has been speculation about whether matter could travel through such black holes into these ‘other universes’. As real black holes will never be precisely non-rotating and electrically neutral, it is of interest to determine whether such a transfer of matter from one universe to another is possible. If it were, it might imply the possibility of matter appearing explosively in our region of space-time through white holes. The exact solutions of interest are suspect because they are idealised. For example, they exclude the effects of matter surrounding the hole, and quantum processes. It has been suggested that the interior of the idealised black hole might be smashed in a more realistic model by unbounded blue shift effects associated with classical matter falling along the so-called inner horizon. In this way the space bridge would be destroyed by back reaction of the gravitational field due to the energetic matter. quantum vacuum effects, similar in origin to the attraction energy between two electrically neutral conducting plates (Casimir effect), also cause an unbounded back-reaction which will smash the idealised interior geometry, even if no actual matter were falling into theblack hole. I do not speculate whether other analytically extendible space-times exist which these quantum processes leave topologically unmodified, but demonstrate that the models which have been explicitly advanced to date cannot be taken seriously as space bridges
When falling down through black hole at first, I shall not feelany gravitational forces at all. Since Iam in a free fall, every part of my body and my spaceship will be pulled in the same way, and so I am feel weight less. (This is exactly the same thing that happens to astronauts in Earth orbit: even though both astronauts and space shuttle are being pulled by the Earth's gravity, they don't feel any gravitational force because everything is being pulled in exactly the same way.) As I am get closer and closer to the center of the hole, though, I shall start to feel "tidal" gravitational forces. Imagine that your feet are closer to the center than your head. The gravitational pull gets stronger as I get closer to the center of the hole, so my feet feel a stronger pull than my head does. As a result I shall feel "stretched." (This force is called a tidal force because it is exactly like the forces that cause tides on earth.) These tidal forces get more and more intense as I get closer to the center, and eventually they will rip me apart.
For a very large black hole like the one I am falling into, the tidal forces are not really noticeable until i shall get within about 600,000 kilometers of the center. Note that this is after I have crossed the horizon. If I am falling into a smaller black hole, say one that weighed as much as the Sun, tidal forces would start to make me quite uncomfortable when I shall be about 6000 kilometers away from the center, and I shall have been torn apart by them long before I cross the horizon. (That's why the scientist decided to let one jump into a big black hole instead of a small one: we wanted you to survive at least until you got inside.)
What do I see as I am falling in? Surprisingly, I may mot necessarily see anything particularly any interesting. Images of faraway objects may be distorted in strange ways, since the black hole's gravity will bend light, but that's about it. In particular, nothing special happens at the moment when I shall cross the horizon. Even after I shall cross the horizon, I can still see things on the outside: after all, the light from the things on the outside can still reach to me. No one on the outside however can see me, of course, since the light from me can't escape past the horizon.
How long does the whole process take? Well, of course, it depends on how far away I start from. Let's say I start at rest from a point whose distance from the singularity is ten times the black hole's radius. Then for a million-solar-mass black hole, it takes me about 8 minutes to reach the horizon. Once I got that far, it takes me only another seven seconds to hit the singularity. By the way, this time scales with the size of the black hole, so if I jump into a smaller black hole, my time of death would be that much sooner.
Once I cross the horizon, in my remaining seven seconds, I must be enough panic and start to fire my rockets in a desperate attempt to avoid the black hole singularity. Unfortunately, it becomes hopeless, since the singularity will lie in my future, and there will be no way to avoid my future. In fact, the harder I try to fire my rockets, the sooner I shall hit the singularity. So in that case, It's best just to sit back and enjoy the ride
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